Mia is studying the relationship between caffeine consumption and problem-solving ability. Which of the following is a quantitative way to operationalize problem-solving ability?
A. The time spent solving a math problem
B. The type of puzzle solved (Sudoku puzzle or a crossword puzzle)
C. Whether participants used insight or trial-and-error techniques to solve the problem
D. The report of a teacher about whether a student is a good or bad problem solver