Answer :
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1. Solid State: In a solid state, particles are closely packed together and have a fixed position. They vibrate in place but do not move around freely. The kinetic theory states that in solids, particles have the least amount of kinetic energy compared to liquids and gases.
2. Gaseous State: In a gaseous state, particles are far apart and move freely at high speeds. They have a lot of kinetic energy and collide with each other and the container walls. According to the kinetic theory, gases have the highest kinetic energy of the three states of matter.
3. Differences:
- Solid particles are tightly packed and have the least kinetic energy, while gas particles are widely spaced with high kinetic energy.
- Solids have a definite shape and volume, while gases have neither a definite shape nor volume.
- Solids maintain their shape unless acted upon by an external force, while gases expand to fill the available space.
- Solids have a fixed melting point, while gases do not have a fixed boiling point as they change to the gaseous state with an increase in temperature.
By understanding the kinetic theory of matter, we can explain why solids and gases behave differently in terms of particle arrangement, movement, and energy levels.
1. Solid State: In a solid state, particles are closely packed together and have a fixed position. They vibrate in place but do not move around freely. The kinetic theory states that in solids, particles have the least amount of kinetic energy compared to liquids and gases.
2. Gaseous State: In a gaseous state, particles are far apart and move freely at high speeds. They have a lot of kinetic energy and collide with each other and the container walls. According to the kinetic theory, gases have the highest kinetic energy of the three states of matter.
3. Differences:
- Solid particles are tightly packed and have the least kinetic energy, while gas particles are widely spaced with high kinetic energy.
- Solids have a definite shape and volume, while gases have neither a definite shape nor volume.
- Solids maintain their shape unless acted upon by an external force, while gases expand to fill the available space.
- Solids have a fixed melting point, while gases do not have a fixed boiling point as they change to the gaseous state with an increase in temperature.
By understanding the kinetic theory of matter, we can explain why solids and gases behave differently in terms of particle arrangement, movement, and energy levels.
