A helium atom structure, ionization by electromagnetic radiation, and relation to ionization energy.
A helium atom consists of two protons and two neutrons in the nucleus, with two electrons orbiting around it, making the atom electrically neutral.
Electromagnetic radiation can ionize an atom by transferring enough energy to remove an electron from the atom, leading to the formation of a positively charged ion and a free electron.
To ionize an atom, electromagnetic radiation must have energy greater than the ionization energy of the atom, which varies depending on the element.
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