Answer :
Final answer:
When a circuit is closed, the switch is turned on, allowing current to flow through the circuit. Short circuits present unintended low-resistance pathways and can cause malfunctions. Switches in series circuits dictate whether current flows or not based on their position.
Explanation:
Closed circuit: When a circuit is closed, it means that the switch is turned on, allowing the current to flow through the circuit and complete the pathway for electricity to move from the source (e.g., battery) to the load (e.g., lamp).
Short Circuit: A short circuit is an unintended low-resistance pathway across a voltage source that can cause excessive current flow and lead to malfunctions or equipment damage.
Switches: In series circuits, when the switch is closed, it allows current to flow through the circuit; if the switch is open, no current flows as the circuit is incomplete.
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