A clothing store kept track of types and sizes of clothing sold over the period of one week. The two-way table is given below:
[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
& Small & Medium & Large & Total \\
\hline
T-Shirt & 11 & 15 & 8 & 34 \\
\hline
Sweatshirt & 6 & 11 & 18 & 35 \\
\hline
Sweatpants & 10 & 14 & 7 & 31 \\
\hline
Total & 27 & 40 & 33 & 100 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]

What is the probability that a randomly selected clothing item from this table is sweatpants, given the size is small?
[tex]\[ P(\text{Sweatpants} \mid \text{Small}) = \, [?] \% \][/tex]



Answer :

To determine the probability that a randomly selected clothing item is sweatpants, given that the size of the item is small, you need to use the concept of conditional probability.

Given:
- The total number of small-sized clothing items is 27.
- The number of small-sized sweatpants is 10.

The probability can be calculated using the formula for conditional probability:
[tex]\[ P(\text{Sweatpants} \mid \text{Small}) = \frac{\text{Number of small-sized sweatpants}}{\text{Total number of small-sized items}} \][/tex]

Plugging in the given values:
[tex]\[ P(\text{Sweatpants} \mid \text{Small}) = \frac{10}{27} \][/tex]

To express this as a percentage, you multiply the resulting fraction by 100:
[tex]\[ P(\text{Sweatpants} \mid \text{Small}) \times 100 = \left(\frac{10}{27}\right) \times 100 \approx 37.03703703703704\% \][/tex]

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected clothing item is sweatpants, given that it is small, is approximately [tex]\( 37.04\% \)[/tex].

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