Answer :
Answer:
Explanation:
Socialization significantly shapes parenting practices, and two key factors in modern society that influence how parenting is conducted are technology and changing gender roles.
### Technology
**Modern Society:**
- **Digital Connectivity:** Parents today have access to a wealth of information and support through the internet, social media, and online communities. This connectivity allows them to learn about different parenting techniques, seek advice, and stay updated on the latest research in child development.
- **Parenting Apps and Gadgets:** There are numerous apps and gadgets designed to assist with parenting, from baby monitors and smart thermometers to educational apps that engage children in learning activities.
- **Screen Time Management:** A significant concern in modern parenting is managing children's screen time and exposure to digital content, which requires a nuanced approach to balance educational benefits and potential negative impacts on health and development.
**Industrial Period:**
- **Limited Information Access:** Parenting practices were often based on local traditions and personal experiences, with limited access to broader information. Books and word-of-mouth were primary sources of parenting advice.
- **Less Technological Influence:** The absence of modern gadgets and digital media meant that children’s entertainment and learning were more reliant on physical activities and direct parental interaction.
- **Focus on Labor Contribution:** Children were often expected to contribute to the household or family business, and parenting practices were influenced by the need to prepare them for these roles.
### Changing Gender Roles
**Modern Society:**
- **Shared Parenting Responsibilities:** There is a growing emphasis on shared parenting responsibilities, with both mothers and fathers actively involved in child-rearing. This shift is supported by changing societal norms and policies that promote paternity leave and flexible working arrangements.
- **Work-Life Balance:** Modern parents strive for a balance between work and family life, and there is increased acceptance and support for diverse family structures, including single-parent and same-sex households.
- **Parental Involvement:** Modern parenting often involves more direct engagement in children’s educational and extracurricular activities, reflecting a trend towards intensive parenting.
**Industrial Period:**
- **Traditional Gender Roles:** Parenting responsibilities were typically divided along strict gender lines, with mothers primarily responsible for child-rearing and household tasks, while fathers were the breadwinners.
- **Limited Paternity Involvement:** Fathers' involvement in day-to-day parenting was limited, often restricted to discipline and providing financial support.
- **Gendered Education and Roles:** Children were often socialized into specific gender roles from an early age, with boys and girls receiving different types of education and training based on societal expectations of their future roles.
### Comparison
In contrast to the industrial period, where parenting was shaped by limited access to information, strict gender roles, and a focus on preparing children for labor, modern society offers more resources, support, and flexibility. Technology provides parents with tools and information that were previously unavailable, and changing gender roles have led to more equitable sharing of parenting responsibilities and a greater focus on the individual needs and development of children. These shifts reflect broader societal changes towards inclusivity, diversity, and a more nuanced understanding of child development and family dynamics.
